World Thyroid Day | Doctors advice on early detection of thyroid symptoms to manage disease

Srinagar, May 23: A whopping 42 million people in India grapple with thyroid disorders, a number that continues to climb.

Women, in particular, face a higher risk of developing these conditions. The thyroid gland, a small butterfly-shaped organ located at the base of the neck, plays an important role in regulating a person’s metabolism, energy levels, and overall well-being. When the thyroid malfunctions, it can take a toll on these vital processes.

Doctors, therefore, advised taking charge of one’s health by being cognisant of the symptoms associated with thyroid disorders and taking the right course of treatment.

The good news is that thyroid disorders are often easily diagnosed with a simple blood test. Early detection allows for timely intervention and treatment.

Dr Bashir Laway, Senior Consultant, Endocrinology, Paras Health, Srinagar, emphasises the importance of being proactive about one’s thyroid health. "The thyroid gland has a significant impact on our bodies," he states. "It affects everything from our metabolism and energy levels to our mood and cognitive function. Identifying problems early and starting treatment can make a world of difference in a person's life. Unfortunately, the symptoms of thyroid dysfunction can be vague and easily attributed to other causes. This is why regular check-ups and open communication with one’s doctor are crucial."

He adds, “Thyroid conditions can sometimes run in families. If someone has a close relative with a thyroid disorder, they should talk to their doctor about increased risk factors. It is equally important to familiarise oneself with the common signs of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism as early detection allows for timely treatment and a better quality of life.”

"There are two main types of thyroid disorders: hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland fails to produce the required amount of hormones. Symptoms can be subtle and include fatigue, weight gain, difficulty concentrating, hair loss, and feeling cold."

"Left untreated, hypothyroidism can lead to more serious health complications. Hyperthyroidism, on the other hand, is caused by an overactive thyroid producing too much hormone. This leads to symptoms like weight loss, anxiety, heart palpitations, difficulty sleeping, and feeling hot."

"Currently, various treatment options are available for managing thyroid disorders. The most common treatment involves medications that replace or regulate thyroid hormone levels. Depending on the specific issue, this may involve daily pills. Working with a nutritionist can help develop a plan that supports one’s thyroid health. Certain foods may influence thyroid function, and ensuring proper intake of essential nutrients is vital. In some cases, more specialised interventions like radioactive iodine therapy or surgery might be necessary. These options are typically explored when medication or dietary changes are insufficient.

By understanding the signs and symptoms of thyroid dysfunction and getting regular check-ups, one can be an active participant in managing their health," doctors said.