Taaqti Dawah: Supplements for the Elderly

I had a senior patient in a drowsy condition at the clinic. After inquiry, she revealed that she had been experiencing low back pain and took the ‘Ragan Hoend Dawah’ (medicines for nerves) that was prescribed to her sister for similar symptoms.

In an attempt to get more relief, she took the medication twice a day but felt no improvement and experienced drowsiness. Upon evaluation, it was found that she had a urinary tract infection causing the low back pain, and the medicines her sister used were supplements intended for nerve compression, not for urinary infections.

This situation underlines the importance of understanding that one solution does not fit all. Supplements prescribed for one person’s condition may not be effective or appropriate for someone else with similar symptoms. It is crucial to use supplements only under the guidance of a doctor to ensure they are suitable for your specific condition.

There have been numerous inquiries from my patients about what is commonly referred to as ‘Taaqti dawah.’ In medicine, we generally categorize treatments into three groups: pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, and nutraceuticals. The latter two—dietary supplements and nutraceuticals—are often considered as ‘Taaqti dawah.’

Pharmaceuticals are drugs prescribed to treat, prevent, or cure diseases. They are rigorously tested and regulated, and their effectiveness is supported by clinical trials. Eg Telmisartan, Metformin, Paracetamol to name a few.

Dietary supplements include vitamins, minerals, and other essential nutrients that support overall health. For example, Vitamin D supplements are often prescribed to those with deficiencies, particularly in areas with limited sunlight exposure.

Nutraceuticals are products derived from food sources that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition. For instance, Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil are used to support heart health.

While pharmaceuticals are used to address specific medical conditions, dietary supplements and nutraceuticals, which are what we often refer to as ‘Taaqti dawah,’ are intended to enhance overall well-being and prevent potential health issues. To maximize absorption, it’s essential to take supplements at specific times.

The effectiveness of vitamins can vary based on when you take them. Some vitamins are better absorbed when taken with meals, while others are more effective when taken first thing in the morning with water or right before bed. Timing can significantly impact how well your body utilizes these nutrients.

Here’s a list of different types of dietary supplements, categorized by their primary functions:

1. Vitamins

• Fat-Soluble Vitamins:

Vitamin A: Essential for vision, immune function, and skin health.

Vitamin D: Important for bone health, immune function, and calcium absorption.

Vitamin E: Acts as an antioxidant and supports skin health.

Vitamin K: Vital for blood clotting and bone health.

• Water-Soluble Vitamins:

Vitamin C: Supports immune function and skin health.

• B-Complex Vitamins:

B1 (Thiamine): Supports energy metabolism and nerve function.

B2 (Riboflavin): Important for energy production and skin health.

B3 (Niacin): Supports metabolism and skin health.

B5 (Pantothenic Acid): Aids in energy production and hormone synthesis.

B6 (Pyridoxine): Involved in amino acid metabolism and cognitive function.

B7 (Biotin): Supports metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.

B9 (Folate/Folic Acid): Crucial for DNA synthesis and red blood cell formation.

B12 (Cobalamin): Important for red blood cell formation and nerve function.

2. Minerals 

• Major Minerals:

Calcium: Supports bone and teeth health.

Magnesium: Important for muscle function and relaxation.

Sodium: Essential for fluid balance and nerve function.

Potassium: Supports heart and muscle function.

• Trace Minerals:

Iron: Vital for oxygen transport in the blood.

Zinc: Supports immune function and wound healing.

Copper: Involved in iron metabolism and immune function.

Selenium: Acts as an antioxidant and supports thyroid function.

Manganese: Important for bone health and metabolism.

Iodine: Essential for thyroid function and hormone production.

3. Amino Acids 

• Essential Amino Acids:

Histidine: Important for growth and tissue repair.

Isoleucine: Supports muscle recovery and immune function.

Leucine: Crucial for muscle protein synthesis.

Lysine: Supports immune function and protein synthesis.

Methionine: Involved in metabolism and detoxification.

Phenylalanine: Precursor to neurotransmitters.

Threonine: Supports protein synthesis and immune function.

Tryptophan: Precursor to serotonin and melatonin.

Valine: Supports muscle growth and repair.

• Non-Essential Amino Acids:

Arginine: Supports blood flow and immune function.

Cysteine: Acts as an antioxidant and supports detoxification.

Glutamine: Supports gut health and muscle recovery.

Glycine: Important for collagen synthesis and neurotransmitter function.

Proline: Supports collagen production and joint health.

Tyrosine: Precursor to neurotransmitters and thyroid hormones.

4. Fatty Acids

• Omega-3 Fatty Acids:

EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid): Supports heart health and reduces inflammation.

• DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid): Important for brain and eye health.
• Omega-6 Fatty Acids:

Linoleic Acid: Supports skin health and cellular function.

• Omega-9 Fatty Acids:

Oleic Acid: Supports heart health and reduces inflammation.

5. Herbal and Botanical Supplements 

• Echinacea: Supports immune function.
• Ginseng: Enhances energy and cognitive function.
• Ginkgo Biloba: Supports cognitive function and circulation.
• Turmeric/Curcumin: Acts as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant.
• Green Tea Extract: Provides antioxidant support and boosts metabolism.

6. Joint Health Supplements

• Glucosamine: Supports joint health and cartilage repair.
• Chondroitin Sulfate: Enhances joint function and cartilage health.
• MSM (Methylsulfonylmethane): Reduces joint pain and inflammation.
• Collagen Peptides: Supports joint and skin health.

7. Digestive Health Supplements

• Probiotics: Supports gut health and digestion.
• Prebiotics: Feeds beneficial gut bacteria.
• Digestive Enzymes: Aids in the digestion of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.

8. Metabolic and Energy Supplements

• CoQ10: Supports cellular energy production and cardiovascular health.
• L-Carnitine: Aids in fat metabolism and energy production.
• Chromium: Helps regulate blood sugar levels.

9. Antioxidants

• Vitamin C: Supports immune function and acts as an antioxidant.
• Vitamin E: Protects cells from oxidative damage.
• Alpha-Lipoic Acid: Provides antioxidant support and helps with energy production.
• Resveratrol: Supports cardiovascular health and provides antioxidant protection.

10. Other Specialty Supplements

• Melatonin: Supports sleep regulation and circadian rhythms.
• Hyaluronic Acid: Supports skin hydration and joint health.
• Biotin: Supports skin, hair, and nail health.
• Beta-Alanine: Enhances exercise performance and endurance.

I try to emphasize that there are many forms of supplements referred to as ‘Taaqti Dawah,’ each designed for specific conditions and each with its own potential side effects. Therefore, it’s essential to consult your doctor before incorporating any of these into your routine, as their use should be tailored to your individual health needs.

In all cases, it is always preferred to maintain a healthy and regular diet that can provide the necessary supplements for your body. In instances of deficiency, your doctor will prescribe the appropriate supplements to address your specific needs.