Doud Khot: A Symbol of Sustainability

Kashmir, renowned for its stunning landscapes and tranquil ambiance, boasts a rich cultural heritage intertwined with the flows of its many traditions. Amidst its vibrant and life-giving lush green meadows, a unique cultural essence thrives in the milk caves, locally referred to as Doud Khot (milk vaults), in the timeless milk village of Dudran. This haven, untouched by modernity, nestles within the picturesque north Kashmir’s district of Baramulla, en-route to serene Uri, is just 14 kilometers from Boniyar.

This quaint village is not only a testament to rich traditions, resilience, and self-sufficiency but also a living legacy that continues to face the challenges of a machine-dominated life. In the heart of Dudran, time stands still, echoing the essence of old Kashmir and painting a vivid portrait of a community committed to preserving its rich culture in the modern era.

The villagers have, for decades, practiced storing milk in earthen or steel pots within small cave-like structures called Doud Khot, which act as natural refrigerators. Constructed above or near natural springs, these caves, called Guf in Kashmiri, feature wooden roofs and stone walls, with wooden planks to safeguard the stored milk and dairy products from animals. The meticulous craftsmanship and care in building these caves demonstrate the villagers' commitment to preserving their dairy heritage without artificial means.

Comprising of around 80 families, Dudran, nestled in the foothills of a lush green mountain, produces a substantial quantity of milk daily through cow rearing. This milk is used to prepare curd, cheese, and butter, which are sold in local markets, providing a sustainable livelihood for the villagers who continue to uphold their age-old dairy practices. The Doud Khot, natural milk caves, play a crucial role in preserving milk and dairy products, showcasing a perfect blend of tradition and sustainability.

In an era where refrigerators are ubiquitous, Dudran’s milk caves are not just natural refrigerators but also symbols of sustainability, traditional wisdom, and eco-friendly practices. During the summer months, almost every household churns stored curd into butter using a wooden churner, locally known as Gurus Mandus. The villagers believe in the health benefits of consuming pure and unadulterated milk and its by-products, and relying on homemade Gurus (curd) and butter to treat illnesses like diarrhea and digestive problems in the absence of modern medical facilities.

Our source of sustenance may be unconventional, but it’s our lifeline. Despite the absence of regular income, our lives revolve around our cows. Through the magic of Doud Khot, we preserve the milk, transforming it into cheese, butter, and curd. These homemade treasures become our commodity, sold to local shopkeepers, ensuring not only our survival but also empowering every woman in our village to earn a livelihood”, shared an elderly woman who wished to remain anonymous.

What started as a mere tradition has become a thriving source of income, turning Dudran into an epicenter of dairy trade. The fresh milk stored inside the Doud Khots is free of preservatives, embodying tradition, entrepreneurial spirit, and commitment to purity.

As we navigate modern complexities, let us reconnect with our roots, celebrating the traditions that define Kashmiri heritage. Through conscious choices and collective action, we can ensure that the legacy of Doud Khot remains preserved as a vibrant part of Kashmir's cultural tapestry for future generations. Let this enduring symbol of cultural richness and historical significance continue to enchant and inspire, reminding us of the beauty and elegance of our past.

Manzoor Akash is an author and educationist