Ask The Doctor

Dr Zubair Saleem

Q1: What is NAFLD?

A1: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a condition where excess fat accumulates in the liver cells, unrelated to alcohol consumption. It encompasses a spectrum of liver conditions, ranging from simple fatty liver to more severe forms like non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis.

Q2: What are the Risk Factors for NAFLD?

A2:

Obesity: Excess body weight, especially around the abdomen.

Type 2 Diabetes: Insulin resistance contributes to fat accumulation in the liver.

Insulin Resistance: Impaired insulin function leads to increased fat storage.

High Blood Pressure: A known risk factor for liver disease.

High Cholesterol: Elevated levels contribute to liver fat buildup.

Metabolic Syndrome: A cluster of conditions promoting NAFLD.

Q3: How is NAFLD Diagnosed?

A3:

Blood Tests: Elevated liver enzymes may indicate liver inflammation.

Imaging Studies: Ultrasound, CT scans, or MRIs visualize liver fat.

Fibroscan

Liver Biopsy: Invasive procedure to assess liver tissue for inflammation and scarring (usually reserved for severe cases).

Q4: Can NAFLD be Prevented?

A4:

Healthy Diet: Adopt a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

Regular Exercise: Engage in regular physical activity to maintain a healthy weight.

Manage Diabetes: Keep blood sugar levels under control.

Control Cholesterol and Blood Pressure: Medications or lifestyle changes may be recommended.

Q5: What is the Treatment for NAFLD?

A5:

Lifestyle Changes: Weight loss through a balanced diet and exercise.

Medications: Some drugs may be prescribed to manage specific aspects of the disease.

Control Underlying Conditions: Managing diabetes, cholesterol, and blood pressure.

Regular Monitoring: Periodic check-ups to assess liver health.

Q6: Is NAFLD Reversible?

A6:

Early Stages: Yes, lifestyle changes can often reverse liver fat accumulation.

Advanced Stages: Cirrhosis may be irreversible, highlighting the importance of early intervention.

Q7: Can NAFLD Lead to Liver Failure?

A7:

In Advanced Cases: Yes, severe forms of NAFLD, particularly NASH and cirrhosis, can lead to liver failure.

Regular Monitoring: Timely intervention can prevent progression to advanced stages.

Q8: Is NAFLD Contagious?

A8: No, NAFLD is not contagious. It does not spread through contact with an affected person.

Q9: Can Children Develop NAFLD?

A9: Yes, NAFLD is increasingly diagnosed in children, often associated with obesity and poor lifestyle habits, junk and fast food consumption.

Q10: Can NAFLD Increase the Risk of Liver Cancer?

A10: In advanced cases, particularly cirrhosis, the risk of liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) may increase. Regular monitoring is crucial.